Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 3 de 3
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
J Int Soc Prev Community Dent ; 11(2): 190-197, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34036082

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cephalometric characteristics of skulls with and without artificial deformation in a pre-Columbian civilization of the Peruvian Andes (Chavin civilization 900 B.C. to 200 B.C.). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was observational, analytical, retrospective, and comparative in design. The image analysis unit was radiological with cephalometric measurement. The sample consisted of occipito-frontal dry skulls of the Chavín culture (n = 40) with and without artifical deformation, which underwent cephalometric radiography for analysis. RESULTS: The measurements of skull base size, anterior cranial base size, posterior cranial base size, posterior cranial base size, and cranial deflection were greater in the deformed than the non-deformed skulls (95.1 ± 6.6 vs. 92.3 ± 6.2 mm, 61.5 ± 3.6 vs. 61.4 ± 3.6 mm, 39.8 ± 3.4 vs. 38.1 ± 3.5 mm, 136 ± 26.9 vs. 135.0 ± 5.6 mm, and 35.7 ± 31.8 vs. 28.2 ± 14.6 mm, respectively). Significant differences were only found in the posterior cranial base size measurements between deformed and nondeformed skulls (P = 0.008). When comparing the characteristics of the skulls, significant differences were only found between the position of the posterior nasal spine and the maxilla size of the deformed versus the non-deformed skulls (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that there are differences in the size, position, and inclination of the craniofacial structures between the artificially deformed skulls and the skulls that have not been artificially deformed by the old Chavin civilization.

2.
An. Fac. Med. (Perú) ; 75(3): 237-244, jul.-set. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-728515

RESUMO

Introducción:La mayoría de los estudios disponibles muestran que las imágenes que construyen los jóvenes sobre la vejez, en general,se asocian a una valoración negativa de esta etapa de la vida.Objetivos:Analizar la percepción de los estudiantes de Medicina Humanade la UNMSM acerca de la vejez, así como la existencia o no de estereotipos negativos acerca de la vejez y del docente adulto mayor.Diseño:Estudio transversal.Institución:Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú.Participantes:Estudiantes del primero, tercero y quinto año de la Escuela Académico Profesional de Medicina Humana.Intervenciones:Aplicaciónde una escala de diferencial semántico para medir la percepción de los estudiantes mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado.Principales medidas de resultados:De una muestra de 319 estudiantes, 54,2% fue del sexo masculino y el promedio de edad 21,7±2,6años; 90,3% tuvo cercanía con profesores mayores de 70 años. Los alumnos del quinto año otorgaron menores puntuaciones a losdocentes adultos mayores (p=0,003) y a los adultos mayores en general (p=0,045). Los estudiantes que en su familia convivían conpersonas mayores de 70 años tuvieron una percepción más positiva sobre los adultos mayores en general (p=0,037). Respecto a lapercepción de los estudiantes acerca del docente adulto mayor destacaron cinco características que superaron el 70% del puntaje,s estadísticamente significativas según el año de estudios.Los estudiantes que convivían con adultos mayores tuvieron una percepción más favorable hacia la vejez y sus profesores adultosmayores, que aquellos que no tenían dicha experiencia...


Introduction: Most available studies show that youngsters’ perception on old age is usually negative. Aim: To analyze the perception of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos’ medical students on old age, and to analyze the presence of negative stereotypes towards old age and elder teachers’ faculties. Design: Cross-sectional study. Location: Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Participants: First, third and fifth year medical students. Interventions: A self-administered questionnaire using a semantic differential scale to determine student’s perception of the elderly was applied. Main outcome measures: Perception of the elder teachers’ faculties and the elderly. Results: From the 319 students sampled 54.2 per cent were male and mean age was 21.7ñ2.6 years old; 90.3 per cent had proximity to teachers older than 70. Fifth year students gave lower scores for both elder teachers (p=0.003) and older adults (p=0.045). Students living with persons older than 70 in their families had a more positive perception on older adults (p=0.037). In regards to older teachers, five characteristics obtained a perception score over 70 per cent: self security (78 per cent), organized (73.9 per cent), interest in students’ learning (72.8 per cent), planning (72.6 per cent), and emotional stability (71.8 per cent). Regarding the elder in general, scores did not reach 70 per cent, and they were characterized as tractable, sociable and skillful. Conclusions: Medical students showed a positive perception of elder teachers and elderly in general. There were statistically significant differences by year of studies. Students that lived with elder people had a more favorable perception on both old age and elder teachers, as compared with those who did not have such experience.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Idoso , Docentes de Medicina , Estereotipagem , Estudantes de Medicina , Percepção , Estudos Transversais
3.
An. Fac. Med. (Perú) ; 68(2): 125-135, abr.-jun. 2007. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-499666

RESUMO

Introducción: Los recién nacidos (RN) alimentados con leche materna exclusiva (LME) pueden presentar niveles bajos de glucemia en las primeras horas de su vida y su monitoreo es muy importante. Las hipoglucemias severas están asociadas con secuelas neurológicas. Objetivos: Determinar la influencia de la lactancia materna exclusiva y no exclusiva sobre los niveles de glucemia en el neonato, durante las primeras 24 horas de vida. Diseño: Estudio de tipo cuasiexperimental. Lugar: Servicios de Atención Inmediata y Puericultura, Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal. Participantes: Recién nacidos. Intervenciones: Se estudió a 90 RN distribuidos en 3 grupos, según modalidades de alimentación: a) 30 con LME, b) 30 con leche materna más leche maternizada y c) 30 con leche materna más suero glucosado. Se captó al RN que reunía los criterios de inclusión y previo consentimiento informado de la madre, se tomó la muestra de sangre a la madre y al neonato, para determinar la glucemia al nacimiento, a las 2, 4, 6, 12, 18 y 24 horas. Principales medidas de resultados: Valores de glucemia en el recién nacido. Resultados: Los RN alimentados con LME tuvieron una tendencia a la disminución de los niveles de glucemia más prolongada y un incremento más tardío del mismo, que los alimentados con leche materna más leche maternizada y leche materna más suero glucosado, siendo estas diferencias altamente significativas (p menor que 0,0001 y p = 0,006 respectivamente). Conclusiones: El nivel de glucemia menor a 40 mg/dL (hipoglucemia) fue mayor en los RN alimentados con LME (16,7 por ciento), siguiéndole los alimentados con leche materna más leche maternizada (10 por ciento) y ninguno en los alimentados con leche materna más suero glucosado. La pérdida ponderal fue mayor en los neonatosalimentados con LME.


Introduction: Newborns exclusively breast-fed (EBF) may present low levels of glycemia in the first hours of life and their monitoring is very important. Severe hypoglycemias are associated with neurological sequels. Objectives: To determine the influence of breastfeeding exclusive or not over glycemia levels in the newborn during the first 24 hours of life. Design: Cuasiexperimental kind of study. Setting: Immediate care and child care services, Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru, a teaching hospital. Participants: Breast-fed newborns. Interventions: Ninety newborns were distributed in 3 groups according to the kind of feeding: a) 30 EBF; b) 30 breastfeeding plus maternized milk; and, c) 30 breastfeeding plus glucose solution. Newborns admitted fulfilled criteria of inclusion and previous consent of the mother a sample of blood was taken from the mother and the newborn to determine glycemia at birth and at 2, 4, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours. Main outcome measures: Newborn glycemia levels. Results: Newborns EBF have a tendency to a more prolonged decrease in glycemia levels and a farther increase, than those breastfed plus maternized milk and breast milk plus glucose solution; these diferences were significant with a p minor 0,0001 and p = 0,006 respectively. Conclusions: The levels of glycemia minor 40 mg/dL (hypoglycemia) was higher in those EBF (16.7 per cent), followed by those breast-fed plus maternized milk (10 per cent) and none in those breast-fed plus glucose solution. Weight lose was greater in those newborns with EBF.


Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Idade Gestacional , Hiperinsulinismo Congênito , Aleitamento Materno , Leite Humano
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...